"All-Russian Board of Trustees for the Protection of Motherhood and Infancy" was a charitable institution established on the initiative of Emperor Nicholas II with the aim of reducing infant mortality in the Russian Empire.
It operated under the patronage of Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. The charter of the board of trustees was approved on May 4, 1913. By decree of May 31, 1913, Nicholas II allocated capital in the amount of 1,010,000 rubles, together with accrued interest, donated for his disposal by the St. Petersburg and Moscow private commercial banks to commemorate the three-hundredth anniversary of the accession of the House of Romanov.
The board of trustees was tasked with establishing shelters for mothers and children, including shelter-nurseries, milk kitchens, children's hospitals, maternity shelters, and the like, as well as promoting sound principles in the care and feeding of infants. It was also to coordinate all initiatives for the protection of motherhood and infancy and to maintain ties among all institutions and individuals contributing to the achievement of its stated goals. In 1916–1918, the All-Russian Board of Trustees published the journal "Protection of Motherhood and Infancy."