25 November — in Grodno, the last King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Stanisław II Augustus Poniatowski, abdicated the throne. The Third Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (between Russia, Prussia, and Austria). Poland lost its sovereignty; even the very concept of the “Kingdom of Poland” was abolished and banned from use. Stanisław II spent the last years of his life in St. Petersburg and died in honorable exile. He was buried in the Church of St. Catherine of Alexandria and was later reburied in Poland.
26 August — Alessandro Cagliostro, a charlatan and adventurer, died.
7 February — the port of Khadjibey was renamed Odesa.