26 March 1865 — the Vetluzhsky Uyezd (Kostroma Governorate) zemstvo post was opened. Mail was dispatched once a week along four routes from the uyezd center, the town of Vetluga. Correspondence was forwarded free of charge.
From 26 March 1908 — zemstvo postage stamps in denominations of 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 20 kopecks were introduced to pay for the delivery of private correspondence. The stamps were multicolored and bore the uyezd coat of arms. Numerous trial printings of all denominations are known. The stamps were canceled with various round-shaped postmarks.